考虑偏差值的中立型区间交叉效率研究

在不确定性环境下,当决策单元(DMU)的投入产出数据为区间数形式时,为解决决策单元之间既不是合作也不是竞争关系时的交叉评价问题,本文提出一种中立型区间交叉效率模型。从所有被评价者的角度出发解决评价权重的选取问题,以决策单元投入得分的平均偏差与产出得分的平均偏差之和最小化为目标,建立决策单元在最佳和最差两种生产状态下的中立型区间交叉效率模型。在本文提出的中立型模型视角下,DMU的投入得分平均偏差和产出得分平均偏差之和达到最小。算例结果表明该中立型区间交叉效率模型的有效性,解决了不确定性环境下的交叉评价问题,保证评价的客观公正,更加符合现实。     

含有偏好的DEA-BWM评价方法研究

针对传统的DEA模型在评估过程中并未考虑决策者对相关指标权重的偏好,将最优最差方法(BWM)嵌入到传统DEA模型中,基于决策者偏好排序的判断矩阵,构建一种含有偏好的DEA-BWM评价方法。首先在保持传统DEA方法的优势基础上,构建了CCR-BWM评价模型对各DMU进行评价。同时考虑为了便于各决策单元在统一权重基础上相互比较,构建了CSW-BWM公共权重模型。另外考虑决策单元自评和互评,构建了NCE-BWM中立型交叉效率。然后采用min-max方法分别将上述三种多目标评价模型转换为单目标线性规划进行求解。最后,选择一组算例对三种模型的有效性与合理性进行验证。     

市场化改革背景下养老机构服务供给博弈研究

考虑政府补贴、市场化程度、养老机构服务成本、老年人偏好等因素,构建了完全国有化、公私并存的半市场化和完全市场化三种情形下公办和民办养老机构之间的两阶段博弈模型,比较分析了市场化程度对养老机构服务价格制定和服务水平选择的影响,实证讨论了各参数变化对养老机构收益及社会福利的影响。研究表明:完全市场化机制会降低养老机构服务质量,完全国有化机制会陷入社会福利陷阱,探索公私并存的最佳市场化水平才能更好地提高社会福利;适度推进市场化改革,提高养老机构服务水平,降低民办养老机构服务成本,适度提高对民办养老机构的补贴,将有效缓解公办和民办养老机构的不公平竞争;提高老年人支付能力,推进养老机构供给侧结构性改革,将保障机构养老服务的有效供给,促进养老服务业的健康有序发展。     

基于前景理论和熵权法的交叉效率集结方法

传统的交叉效率集结过程通常采用算术平均方法,不仅会低估自评的重要性,而且未考虑决策者的风险偏好。针对上述问题,提出一种基于前景理论和熵权法的交叉效率集结方法。首先,求解交叉效率矩阵,运用熵权法确定他评过程中评价单元的指标权重。然后,引入前景理论以考虑决策者在交叉效率集结过程中的风险偏好,利用TOPSIS方法识别正负参考点,进而构造总体效用函数,得到前景交叉效率矩阵。随后,构建最大化前景价值模型,求解集结权重。该方法既考虑到交叉效率集结的相对重要性权重,又将决策者的风险偏好纳入到效率评价中,从而实现决策单元的全排序。最后,结合实例验证方法的有效性。     

Robustly complete synthesis of sampled-data control for continuous-time nonlinear systems with reach-and-stay objectives

Formal methods are becoming favorable for control and verification of safety-critical systems because of the rigorous model-based computation. Relying on an over-approximated model of the original system behaviors, formal control synthesis algorithms are not often complete, which means that a controller cannot necessarily be synthesized even if there exists one. The main result of this paper shows that, for continuous-time nonlinear systems, a sample-and-hold control strategy for a reach-and-stay specification can be synthesized whenever such a strategy exists for the same system with its dynamics perturbed by small disturbances. Control synthesis is carried out by a fixed-point algorithm that adaptively partitions the system state space into a finite number of cells. In each iteration, the reachable set from each cell after one sampling time is over-approximated within a precision determined by the bound of the disturbances. To meet such a requirement, we integrate validated high-order Taylor expansion of the system solution over one sampling period into every fixed-point iteration and provide a criterion for choosing the Taylor order and the partition precision. Two nonlinear system examples are given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.     

Preparation and characterization of theβ-cyclodextrin inclusion complex with sulfafurazole

The 1 : 1 inclusion complex involving sulfafurazole (SF) and-cyclodextrin (-CD) is prepared by the freeze-drying method and characterized on the basis of its chemical analysis, thermal behavior, infrared spectrum, X-ray powder pattern and¹³C NMR spectrum in DMSO-d₆ solution. The stability constant of the inclusion complex was determined by the solubility method. The effect of cyclodextrin on the UV absorption spectrum of sulfafurazole was also observed.     

Carbocyclic and nitrogen-containing fused CH-acids with an annelated indenyl fragment. Thermogravimetric and X-ray structural analysis of 6H-indeno[1,2-b]quinoline

Based on thermogravimetric characteristics first obtained for the model 6H-indeno [1,2-b]quinoline, the scheme of thermal conversions of this compound in the temperature range 20–700 °C has been proposed, and the limit of its thermal stability (300 °C) has been determined. This temperature is recommended as the optimum for synthesizing fused benzoaza(diaza)fluorenes. Based on the results of X-ray structural analysis, the molecules of the studied indenoquinoline form centrosymmetric pairs, which are arranged in (110) layers. The molecules are orientationally disordered. The observed self-association of these molecules is similar to the - association of fused heterocyclic systems with-excessive and ****- deficient fragments. It has been suggested that interferon-inducing and antitumor compounds with an annelated indenyl fragment have a common mechanism of action according to the intercalation model of stacking structures.Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 4, pp. 703–709, April, 1995.     

Synthesis,spectroscopic studies,and x-ray crystallographic analysis of the organotin carbohydrate: 1,2∶3,4-di-O-isopropylidene-6-O-triphenylstannylmethyl-α-D-galactopyranose

The title organotin carbohydrate, C₃₁H₃₆O₆Sn, has been synthesized and its molecular structure has been determined in solution and in the solid state. NMR, infrared, mass and X-ray crystallographic techniques were used. The chiral molecules crystallize in the monoclinic space group P2₁ withZ=2. The triphenyltin and carbohydrate moieties are linked by a trans methylene-oxygen-methylene arrangement. The pyranosyl ring adopts a twist-boat conformation and the isopropylidene rings adopt different (half-chair and envelope) forms. Solution and solid-state conformations are similar as only three ¹³C shift values are greater than 2ppm; the ¹¹⁹Sn value is 12 ppm.     

Finding normal solutions in piecewise linear programming

Letf: ⁿ (–, ] be a convex polyhedral function. We show that if any standard active set method for quadratic programming (QP) findsx(t)= arg min _x ¦x¦²/2+t f(x) for somet> 0, then its final working set defines a simple equality QP subproblem, whose Lagrange multiplier can be used both for testing ift is large enough forx(t) to coincide with the normal minimizer off, and for increasingt otherwise. The QP subproblem may easily be solved via the matrix factorizations used for findingx(t). This opens up the way for efficient implementations. We also give finite methods for computing the whole trajectory {x(t)} _t 0, minimizingf over an ellipsoid, and choosing penalty parameters inL ₁QP methods for strictly convex QP.This research was supported by the State Committee for Scientific Research under Grant 8S50502206.     

Products and transforms of white-noise functionals (in general setting)

Some sharp results about Weiner and Wick products of whitenoise functionals are obtained. Using the inequality of Wick products we show to what extent scaling transformations, translations, and Sobolev differentiations can be performed on white-noise functionals.This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China. This paper is an enlargement and revised version of the paper entitled Products and Transforms of White-Noise Functionals (preprint, 1990).